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2007/6/6
美國W. Edwards Deming
學院的每日一引言
下Quote
from W. Edwards Deming )為：
這對一般人或許會造成困擾。戴明博士這兒說的merit system， 可不是一般字典談的美國歷史上的”文官任命、進昇，以實力為主”的「実力本位制度」*，而是経営管理的人事考核（merit rating）、績效獎金（merit pay），這可以從Out of the Crisis 書的索引（第501頁）來了解。
*The merit system is the process of promoting and hiring government employees based on their ability to perform a job, rather than on their political connections. It came as a result of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act which helped to remove power from political machines after the Civil War. See alsospoils s stem 酬庸制
〔米〕
猟官職占取制度 ((与党が得をする習わし)). In U.S. politics, the practice by political parties of rewarding partisans and workers after winning an election. Proponents claim it helps maintain an active party organization by offering supporters jobs and contracts. Critics charge that it awards appointments to the unqualified and is inefficient because even jobs unrelated to public policy change hands after an election. In the U.S., the Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883) was the first step in introducing the merit system in the hiring of government workers. The merit system has almost completely replaced the spoils system. See also civil service.
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